GPR18

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G protein-spregnuti receptor 18
Identifikatori
SimboliGPR18;
Vanjski IDOMIM: 602042 MGI: 107859 HomoloGene: 18814 IUPHAR: GPR18 GeneCards: GPR18 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija • aktivnost rodopsinu-sličnog receptora
• receptorska aktivnost
• aktivnost purinergičkog nukleotidnog receptora, G-protein spregnutog
Celularna komponenta • membrana
• integralno sa membranom
Biološki proces • prenos signala
• signalni put G-protein spregnutog receptora
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
VrstaČovekMiš
Entrez2841110168
EnsemblENSG00000125245ENSMUSG00000050350
UniProtQ14330n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)NM_005292NM_182806
RefSeq (protein)NP_005283NP_877958
Lokacija (UCSC)Chr 13:
98.7 - 98.71 Mb		Chr 14:
121.05 - 121.05 Mb
PubMed pretraga[1][2]

GPR18, N-arahidonil glicinski receptor, je protein koji je kod čoveka kodiran GPR18 genom.[1][2] Zajedno sa drugim „orfanskim“ receptorima GPR55 i GPR119, za GPR18 je utvrđeno da je receptor za endogene lipidne neurotransmitere, nekoliko od kojih se takođe vezuju za kanabinoidne receptore.[3][4][5] Nedavna istraživanja daju snažnu podršku hipotezi da GPR18 predstavlja abnormalni kanabidiolni receptor, i sugerišu da N-arahidonoil glicin, endogeni lipidni metabolit anandamida, inicira usmerenu mikroglijalnu migraciju u CNS-u putem GPR18 aktivacije.[6]

Ligandi

Ligandi za koje je utvrđeno da vezuju GPR18 su:[6]

Reference

  1. ↑ Gantz I, Muraoka A, Yang YK, Samuelson LC, Zimmerman EM, Cook H, Yamada T (Sep 1997). „Cloning and chromosomal localization of a gene (GPR18) encoding a novel seven transmembrane receptor highly expressed in spleen and testis”. Genomics 42 (3): 462–6. DOI:10.1006/geno.1997.4752. PMID 9205118. 
  2. ↑ „Entrez Gene: GPR18 G protein-coupled receptor 18”. 
  3. ↑ Kohno M, Hasegawa H, Inoue A, Muraoka M, Miyazaki T, Oka K, Yasukawa M (September 2006). „Identification of N-arachidonylglycine as the endogenous ligand for orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR18”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 347 (3): 827–32. DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.175. PMID 16844083. 
  4. ↑ Burstein S (December 2008). „The elmiric acids: biologically active anandamide analogs”. Neuropharmacology 55 (8): 1259–64. DOI:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.11.011. PMC 2621443. PMID 18187165. 
  5. ↑ Bradshaw HB, Lee SH, McHugh D (September 2009). „Orphan endogenous lipids and orphan GPCRs: a good match”. Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators 89 (3-4): 131–4. DOI:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2009.04.006. PMC 2740803. PMID 19379823. 
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 McHugh D, Hu SS, Rimmerman N, Juknat A, Vogil Z, Walker JM, Bradshaw HB (March 2010). „N-arachidonoyl glycine, an abundant endogenous lipid, potently drives directed cellular migration through GPR18, the putative abnormal cannabidiol receptor”. BMC Neuroscience 11 (1): 44. DOI:10.1186/1471-2202-11-44. PMC 2865488. PMID 20346144. 

Literatura

  • Christian SL, McDonough J, Liu Cy CY, et al. (2002). „An evaluation of the assembly of an approximately 15-Mb region on human chromosome 13q32-q33 linked to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.”. Genomics 79 (5): 635–56. DOI:10.1006/geno.2002.6765. PMID 11991713. 
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). „Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. DOI:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. 
  • Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, et al. (2004). „The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13.”. Nature 428 (6982): 522–8. DOI:10.1038/nature02379. PMC 2665288. PMID 15057823. 
  • Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). „The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).”. Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. DOI:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. 
  • Kohno M, Hasegawa H, Inoue A, et al. (2006). „Identification of N-arachidonylglycine as the endogenous ligand for orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR18.”. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 347 (3): 827–32. DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.175. PMID 16844083. 
  • p
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Klasa A: Rodopsinu slični
α1 (A, B, D) • α2 (A, B, C) • β1 • β2 • β3
Adenozinski (A1, A2A, A2B, A3) • P2Y (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
(svi osim 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F) • 5-HT2 (A, B, C) • 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)
Drugi
Acetilholin (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) • Dopamin (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) • Histamin (H1, H2, H3, H4) • Melatonin (1A, 1B, 1C) • TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9)
Metaboliti i
signalni molekuli
CysLT (1, 2) • LTB4 (1, 2) • FPRL1 • OXE • Prostaglandin (DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), FP) • Prostaciklin • Tromboksan
Drugi
Žučna kiselina • Kanabinoidni (CB1, CB2, GPR (18, 55, 119)) • EBI2 • Estrogen • Slobodna masna kiselina (1, 2, 3, 4) • Laktat  • Lizofosfatidna kiselina (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)  • Lizofosfolipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • Niacin (1, 2) • Oksoglutarat • PAF • Sfingozin-1-fosfat (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • Sukcinat
Peptid
B/W (1, 2) • FF (1, 2) • S • Y (1, 2, 4, 5) • Neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) • Neurotenzin (1, 2)
Drugi
Anafilatoksin (C3a, C5a) • Angiotenzin (1, 2) • Apelin • Bombezin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) • Bradikinin (B1, B2) • Hemokin • Holecistokinin (A, B) • Endotelin (A, B) • Formil peptid (1, 2, 3) • FSH • Galanin (1, 2, 3) • GHB receptor • Gonadotropin-oslobađajući hormon (1, 2) • Grelin • Kispeptin • Luteinizirajući hormon/horiogonadotropin • MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) • Melanokortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • MCHR (1, 2) • Motilin • Opioidni (δ, κ, μ, Nociceptin & ζ, ali ne σ) • Oreksin (1, 2) • Oksitocin • Prokineticin (1, 2) • Prolaktin-oslobađajući peptid • Relaksin (1, 2, 3, 4) • Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • Tahikinin (1, 2, 3) • Tirotropin • Tirotropin-oslobađajući hormon • Urotenzin-II • Vazopresin (1A, 1B, 2)
Razno
GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 109A, 109B, 119, 120, 132, 135, 137B, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182, 183)
Drugi
Adrenomedulin • Mirisni • Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) • Proteazom-aktivirani (1, 2, 3, 4) • SREB (1, 2, 3)
Klasa B: Sekretinu slični
GPR (56, 64, 97, 98, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 133, 143, 144, 155, 157)
Drugi
Klasa C: Metabotropni
glutamat / feromon
TAS1R (1, 2, 3) • TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 30, 31, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 50)
Drugi
Klasa F:
Frizzled / Zaglađeni
Uvojiti
Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
Zaglađeni
B trdu: peptidi (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), receptori (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd, signalni putevi (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)